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dave this is amazing it really looks

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like a spaceship flying through space

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you guys film this kind of the same way

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they did the original no actually when

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they did the original they were actually

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able to go ahead and move the model we

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couldn't move the model so we just moved

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the camera so i built several rigs that

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would allow me to move the camera and

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make it look like it was flying through

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space

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hey john do we have the astronauts

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delivering the opening lines oh sure man

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space the final frontier the final

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frontier these are the voyages of the

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starship enterprise

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that's really cool can you guys put the

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two of them together and see what that

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space

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the final frontier

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these are the voyages of the starship

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enterprise

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its five-year mission its five-year

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mission to explore a strange new world

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strange new world new life new life and

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new civilizations and to boldly go to

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boldly grow where no man no man no one

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you guys are a bunch of digital wizards

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it's pretty amazing to think of the

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stuff that was science fiction 50 years

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ago and has now become science reality

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i just wish we could teleport

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that's the thing

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that that's a thing that's a thing

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you've got to tell me about this sure do

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you have some time i got about 30

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minutes

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this is steven 30.

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what

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beam me up

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and she forgot her stuff

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this is 7 30.

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hi i'm beth wilson and welcome to our

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very first stem 30 of this season we are

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coming to you live from the boeing

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milestones flight hall at the national

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air and space museum in downtown

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washington d.c

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and i'm marty kelsey and you forgot your

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stuff you also forgot your costume i

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i've got mine

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listen marty i'm an educator not an

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actress and we decided not on costumes

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we have our nice red shirts yeah but the

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red shirts didn't turn out so well for

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the guys that were on the original

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series now anyway i'd like to welcome

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some students that we have in the

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audience today kelly middle middle kelly

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miller middle school who is joining us

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they've got some great questions that

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they're going to be asking our experts

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today welcome

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and we'd also like to remind you those

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of you watching online that on the right

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hand side you'll see a chat box if you

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put a question in there we might take

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one live on the air if not we have an

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well if you haven't figured it out

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today's show is all about star trek the

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show went on the air 50 years ago this

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month and many of the things that were

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fictional elements back then have become

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fact today as a matter of fact one of

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the things that they had was this box

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kind of tablet thing that they could

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read information off of or record

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information on and it looks eerily like

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an ipad that you might be watching the

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show on today but that was 40 years

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before the ipad was actually invented

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now marty our show is called stem 30.

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stem stands for science technology

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engineering and math what does that have

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to do with science fiction well there's

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another term that's gaining some steam

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and that is steam and that stands for

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science technology engineering the arts

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and math and star trek is a great

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example of steam because real science

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influenced the fiction and actually you

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got a chance to talk to someone who was

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very knowledgeable about this let's see

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what they had to say make it so

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i'm joined by rod roddenberry the son of

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gene roddenberry creator of star trek

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and you're a co-founder of the

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roddenberry foundation thank you so much

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for talking with us thank you for having

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me now a lot of the science fiction that

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your dad invented was actually ground in

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science fact yeah you know actually a

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lot of people give my father credit for

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for inventing these technologies but he

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he really didn't credit himself that way

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he was just a writer but he was an

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intelligent person who knew the right

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people to talk to so he would call up

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the agencies and the institutions that

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were working on these technologies for

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example there was a book

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called the making of star trek by

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stephen whitfield and in that book i

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believe there was a passage where my

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father uh wrote a letter to either

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caltech or jpl and he said we're looking

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for this you know non-lethal non-lethal

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weapon and you know what are you guys

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working on what would you suggest and

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they said well this is the early 60s and

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they were developing lasers but they

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said you know what's on the what's

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coming up is is the phasing laser and so

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that's where the phaser came from and so

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it really strikes me as is fantastic

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that that all these technologies that we

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we hear about in star trek and love

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they actually came from sources that

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that were already working on them that's

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incredible thank you so much for talking

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now not only was the fiction of star

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trek influenced by real science but a

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lot of um designers and engineers have a

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really strong background in the arts and

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music as a matter of fact there have

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been a lot of astronauts that have taken

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uh instruments with them into space and

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our friend chelle lindgren actually took

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a bagpipe with him now

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star trek is the perfect example of

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steam uh it is actually fiction it's

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literature it's science fiction but to

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have great science fiction you have to

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have great fiction and terrific science

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and that's what star trek did

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it combined the two and not only did it

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entertain but it also inspired yeah star

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trek created this world of imagination

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that portrayed a universe of unlimited

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possibilities and in the process it

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inspired an entire generation of

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scientists and engineers and even

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astronauts and we got a chance to talk

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to some of those people about how

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science fiction inspired them

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did science fiction influence your

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career path at all most definitely

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actually i mean i probably was always

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going to be an engineer of some sort but

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when i started really getting into

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science fiction

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star trek

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star wars i really started to understand

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oh i really want to work in the

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aerospace industry i want to build space

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vehicles and so that sort of changed me

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from just being a mechanical engineer

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into really wanting and focusing in what

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i wanted to do

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i really like the science fiction that

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has to do more with futuristic or with

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technology

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something like back to the future you

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know where you're testing technology and

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kind of pushing the edges of technology

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i believe that that's really important

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for the missions that nasa would like to

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do for deep space so anything that's

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futuristic or you know big techno i'm a

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big fan of

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i was a

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huge bookworm when i was uh little and

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read everything i could get my hands on

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but but science fiction was something

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that i was very interested in

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reading heinlein and clark orson scott

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card these uh had a huge influence on me

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as i got older i came to appreciate that

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science fiction

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drove a lot of the imagination that

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ultimately

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engineering was able to create so you

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had kind of the inspiration within

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science fiction these these big dreamers

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and thinkers of what could be the

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possibility followed up with the

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engineering who would take it and make

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it a reality

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i grew up

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loving star trek in fact i i do think

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it's one of the things that got me into

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wanting to become an astronaut i was

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definitely a big tracker in space

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is there anything out of science fiction

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that you'd like to see uh at nasa now

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wow if we could travel at light speed or

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teleport that would be pretty cool

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but

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honestly being in space

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it

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science fiction has sort of become

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science fact you know you start to look

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at cell phones and and what's happened

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it's like we almost have a tricorder

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right i mean it's not too long before

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you're going to be able to take out your

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cell phone and scan yourself and go okay

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well my ribs aren't broken and my

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heart's working i mean i get my heart

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rate from my you know my watch now so i

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mean um i think there's a lot of things

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that are definitely analogs and push uh

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what we're doing in terms of engineering

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and science from science fiction

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that's the mystery of exploration and

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wanted to go places you know that that

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famous line from star trek right to

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boldly go where no one has gone before

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that just spoke to me you know it was so

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appealing the sense of adventure the

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sense of journey of going places um the

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team the the this

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under current which is in the whole star

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trek story of being part of a of an

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amazing team where everybody contributes

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and everybody's motivated and everybody

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wants to do the best that they possibly

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can and of course this utopian vision of

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a world where you know we all get along

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as as human beings and we really take

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care of each other

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while we were in space it happened that

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unfortunately leonard nimoy passed away

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so we were able to do a tribute for him

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and so science fiction has had a

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an impact on me and my other crewmates

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well we're now joined by dr margaret

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whitakamp a curator here at the national

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air and space museum thanks for joining

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us today i'm delighted now margaret we

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are standing in the boeing milestones of

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flight hall surrounded by some of the

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most iconic artifacts in space and

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aviation history we've got spaceship one

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bell x1 the lunar module and the spirit

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of st louis but behind us

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is a fictional prop why is that here

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well it's actually been here uh since

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before this building was built the

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museum acquired the 11-foot studio model

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of the star trek starship enterprise

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used in all of the shows of the original

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series in 1974.

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and it's the museum has always been

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interested in these imagined visions of

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space flight and in visualizations of

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flight generally star trek is a

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wonderful example

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now we've been talking about fact and

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fiction and star trek inspired a lot of

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inventions that are now becoming reality

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can you tell us about that yes well very

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much as rod roddenberry said the writers

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and developers of the show were looking

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at what was perhaps on the drawing board

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and might come out

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and they also then just had a lot of fun

278
00:11:19,590 --> 00:11:17,680
dreaming up uh some ideas of what they

279
00:11:21,670 --> 00:11:19,600
would love to have you know something

280
00:11:23,670 --> 00:11:21,680
you could tap and communicate with

281
00:11:24,949 --> 00:11:23,680
being able to really work with computers

282
00:11:26,470 --> 00:11:24,959
and talk to them and get all the

283
00:11:27,990 --> 00:11:26,480
information you need

284
00:11:29,990 --> 00:11:28,000
and more and more we're seeing it come

285
00:11:31,269 --> 00:11:30,000
true now should we take a little bit

286
00:11:33,430 --> 00:11:31,279
more of a look at some of this

287
00:11:34,790 --> 00:11:33,440
technology that's come to be oh i think

288
00:11:36,389 --> 00:11:34,800
that would be a great idea are you ready

289
00:11:43,750 --> 00:11:36,399
to go i'm ready to go

290
00:11:48,230 --> 00:11:46,150
as marty said that there's a lot of

291
00:11:49,910 --> 00:11:48,240
technology out there now this stemmit to

292
00:11:52,230 --> 00:11:49,920
win it is a little different because you

293
00:11:53,910 --> 00:11:52,240
guys are going to have to choose

294
00:11:55,590 --> 00:11:53,920
i'm going to give you uh something that

295
00:11:58,069 --> 00:11:55,600
was used on star trek you're going to

296
00:12:01,030 --> 00:11:58,079
have to choose whether it was fact

297
00:12:03,269 --> 00:12:01,040
fiction or somewhere in between are you

298
00:12:05,110 --> 00:12:03,279
guys ready for our first piece of

299
00:12:06,150 --> 00:12:05,120
technology

300
00:12:09,110 --> 00:12:06,160
okay

301
00:12:11,430 --> 00:12:09,120
our first piece of technology introduced

302
00:12:14,150 --> 00:12:11,440
in star trek 50 years ago

303
00:12:16,230 --> 00:12:14,160
is the communicator all right they use

304
00:12:18,790 --> 00:12:16,240
this it looked like this

305
00:12:21,269 --> 00:12:18,800
and they used this to communicate over

306
00:12:23,670 --> 00:12:21,279
long distances

307
00:12:25,269 --> 00:12:23,680
do you think that today

308
00:12:27,509 --> 00:12:25,279
this is fact

309
00:12:37,030 --> 00:12:27,519
fiction or somewhere in between go stand

310
00:12:42,710 --> 00:12:40,230
okay all of you chose fact so why didn't

311
00:12:44,550 --> 00:12:42,720
you tell me why did you choose fact

312
00:12:46,870 --> 00:12:44,560
i chose fact because

313
00:12:49,190 --> 00:12:46,880
it because because they use

314
00:12:51,110 --> 00:12:49,200
communicators in the ship

315
00:12:53,750 --> 00:12:51,120
we use communicators now we use

316
00:12:56,629 --> 00:12:53,760
communicators now and to give us

317
00:12:58,790 --> 00:12:56,639
what is the right answer margaret is it

318
00:13:01,509 --> 00:12:58,800
fact or fiction they are all exactly

319
00:13:03,750 --> 00:13:01,519
right in fact it is fact many of you

320
00:13:05,829 --> 00:13:03,760
probably have a smartphone or a cell

321
00:13:08,629 --> 00:13:05,839
phone in your pocket or in your purse in

322
00:13:11,030 --> 00:13:08,639
your bag and we know that the inventor

323
00:13:13,350 --> 00:13:11,040
for motorola who came up with the flip

324
00:13:14,949 --> 00:13:13,360
phone was thinking very directly about

325
00:13:16,949 --> 00:13:14,959
the star trek communicator and that

326
00:13:17,910 --> 00:13:16,959
wonderful flip

327
00:13:19,990 --> 00:13:17,920
motion

328
00:13:21,829 --> 00:13:20,000
now we tend to use things where we're

329
00:13:24,230 --> 00:13:21,839
actually combining multiple devices into

330
00:13:26,389 --> 00:13:24,240
one okay so are you guys ready for the

331
00:13:29,750 --> 00:13:26,399
next piece of technology

332
00:13:32,790 --> 00:13:29,760
this is called a tricorder a tricorder

333
00:13:34,470 --> 00:13:32,800
was created for the star trek series and

334
00:13:36,790 --> 00:13:34,480
what it did was they would move the

335
00:13:39,990 --> 00:13:36,800
tricorder up and down over somebody's

336
00:13:42,470 --> 00:13:40,000
body to to get a medical diagnosis

337
00:13:44,230 --> 00:13:42,480
whether you had a broken bone

338
00:13:46,550 --> 00:13:44,240
or you had some sort of infection they

339
00:13:49,189 --> 00:13:46,560
could tell using the tri quarter now is

340
00:13:56,470 --> 00:13:49,199
that today is that fact fiction or

341
00:13:59,430 --> 00:13:57,670
okay

342
00:14:01,590 --> 00:13:59,440
it looks like they're all

343
00:14:03,269 --> 00:14:01,600
okay we've got one piece of fiction

344
00:14:04,629 --> 00:14:03,279
let's uh

345
00:14:06,150 --> 00:14:04,639
let's ask the fiction guy why do you

346
00:14:09,670 --> 00:14:06,160
think it's fiction

347
00:14:11,750 --> 00:14:09,680
i don't think that they use that now so

348
00:14:13,590 --> 00:14:11,760
you don't think they use it today no

349
00:14:14,629 --> 00:14:13,600
okay well why did you guys pick in

350
00:14:16,550 --> 00:14:14,639
between

351
00:14:18,870 --> 00:14:16,560
uh because

352
00:14:21,189 --> 00:14:18,880
it's like an x-ray it's like an x-ray

353
00:14:23,829 --> 00:14:21,199
okay margaret what do you think actually

354
00:14:26,790 --> 00:14:23,839
uh it's in between and it is moving from

355
00:14:28,949 --> 00:14:26,800
fiction to fact uh there is a qualcomm

356
00:14:30,389 --> 00:14:28,959
tricorder x prize right now and there's

357
00:14:32,870 --> 00:14:30,399
a whole series of teams that have been

358
00:14:34,870 --> 00:14:32,880
working on ways to create a device that

359
00:14:36,629 --> 00:14:34,880
without being invasive without a shot

360
00:14:38,949 --> 00:14:36,639
without cutting into you you'd be able

361
00:14:41,189 --> 00:14:38,959
to figure out how your body is doing uh

362
00:14:43,670 --> 00:14:41,199
the teams delivered their devices in san

363
00:14:45,110 --> 00:14:43,680
diego a few months ago and there are a

364
00:14:47,430 --> 00:14:45,120
number of teams that are working on

365
00:14:50,230 --> 00:14:47,440
trying to create a tricorder so it's

366
00:14:51,990 --> 00:14:50,240
coming it's coming okay the next one are

367
00:14:54,629 --> 00:14:52,000
you guys ready for the next one is

368
00:14:57,110 --> 00:14:54,639
called a tractor beam in star trek they

369
00:14:59,509 --> 00:14:57,120
use the tractor beam to capture one

370
00:15:02,629 --> 00:14:59,519
spaceship to pull it toward the next

371
00:15:13,910 --> 00:15:02,639
spaceship kind of like an invisible rope

372
00:15:17,350 --> 00:15:15,430
where are you going are you doing in

373
00:15:18,870 --> 00:15:17,360
between why do you think everyone

374
00:15:20,949 --> 00:15:18,880
thought it was fiction except you why do

375
00:15:23,269 --> 00:15:20,959
you think in between

376
00:15:24,870 --> 00:15:23,279
today we used like magnus to connect

377
00:15:26,230 --> 00:15:24,880
stuff like string

378
00:15:27,990 --> 00:15:26,240
sure but then back then they used to

379
00:15:30,230 --> 00:15:28,000
like use heavy stuff

380
00:15:32,150 --> 00:15:30,240
yep so i have to get between okay in

381
00:15:34,870 --> 00:15:32,160
between kind of like magnets margaret

382
00:15:37,110 --> 00:15:34,880
what what is it um actually you're right

383
00:15:40,150 --> 00:15:37,120
in between there's a group at new york

384
00:15:43,509 --> 00:15:40,160
university uh that is actually using a

385
00:15:45,670 --> 00:15:43,519
light wave to pull things towards you um

386
00:15:47,749 --> 00:15:45,680
those things are microscopic right now

387
00:15:50,230 --> 00:15:47,759
so it's not big enough to pull one

388
00:15:52,310 --> 00:15:50,240
spaceship towards another spaceship uh

389
00:15:54,150 --> 00:15:52,320
but as the gentleman there the

390
00:15:55,509 --> 00:15:54,160
researcher likes to say they're hundreds

391
00:15:57,509 --> 00:15:55,519
of years ahead of schedule for

392
00:15:59,189 --> 00:15:57,519
developing a tractor beam okay are we

393
00:16:00,670 --> 00:15:59,199
ready for our last one you guys ready

394
00:16:02,389 --> 00:16:00,680
for our last one

395
00:16:04,949 --> 00:16:02,399
teleportation

396
00:16:08,230 --> 00:16:04,959
in the original star trek series

397
00:16:10,710 --> 00:16:08,240
they used to be matter from one place to

398
00:16:12,790 --> 00:16:10,720
the next to get to a place

399
00:16:15,350 --> 00:16:12,800
far away is that fact fiction or

400
00:16:16,710 --> 00:16:15,360
somewhere in between

401
00:16:21,990 --> 00:16:16,720
go ahead and line up where you guys

402
00:16:22,000 --> 00:16:27,030
teleport

403
00:16:29,990 --> 00:16:28,389
okay

404
00:16:32,310 --> 00:16:30,000
all right it all looks like you guys all

405
00:16:35,030 --> 00:16:32,320
said fiction why did you say fiction

406
00:16:38,790 --> 00:16:35,040
you don't know why did you say fiction i

407
00:16:41,269 --> 00:16:38,800
said i said fiction because like

408
00:16:43,430 --> 00:16:41,279
we really really had teleporters in like

409
00:16:45,430 --> 00:16:43,440
real life i mean we have them in movies

410
00:16:47,670 --> 00:16:45,440
and video games but not in real life not

411
00:16:49,749 --> 00:16:47,680
in real life margaret factor fiction uh

412
00:16:52,310 --> 00:16:49,759
as much as we would love this to be so

413
00:16:54,870 --> 00:16:52,320
it is still very much a part of fiction

414
00:16:56,870 --> 00:16:54,880
um and i think anyone in the dc area

415
00:16:58,470 --> 00:16:56,880
would love to be able to

416
00:17:00,069 --> 00:16:58,480
beam from one place to the next and

417
00:17:02,310 --> 00:17:00,079
avoid the traffic

418
00:17:03,990 --> 00:17:02,320
but right now we're still waiting for a

419
00:17:05,990 --> 00:17:04,000
transporter okay should we take some

420
00:17:10,069 --> 00:17:06,000
questions i'd love to text okay let's

421
00:17:14,230 --> 00:17:11,510
uh

422
00:17:16,710 --> 00:17:14,240
what is the enterprise model made of

423
00:17:18,390 --> 00:17:16,720
actually it's mostly wood

424
00:17:20,549 --> 00:17:18,400
that is painted there's uh some

425
00:17:22,150 --> 00:17:20,559
vacuformed plastic on the top and bottom

426
00:17:23,669 --> 00:17:22,160
of the saucer sections and a little bit

427
00:17:26,230 --> 00:17:23,679
of rolled metal in the back of the

428
00:17:28,789 --> 00:17:26,240
engine pods or the nacelles um but

429
00:17:31,270 --> 00:17:28,799
actually the model was made of wood in

430
00:17:33,510 --> 00:17:31,280
the in 1964 because it was the least

431
00:17:35,110 --> 00:17:33,520
expensive way to make it uh and that

432
00:17:37,350 --> 00:17:35,120
works out beautifully for us because

433
00:17:39,750 --> 00:17:37,360
it's actually held up very nicely over

434
00:17:41,909 --> 00:17:39,760
50 years okay and we do have an audience

435
00:17:43,830 --> 00:17:41,919
question you have my first question what

436
00:17:45,510 --> 00:17:43,840
is your question

437
00:17:47,630 --> 00:17:45,520
it was

438
00:17:50,950 --> 00:17:47,640
what does

439
00:17:53,590 --> 00:17:50,960
ncc701 mean okay oh that's a great

440
00:17:56,190 --> 00:17:53,600
question so the call letters on the

441
00:17:58,470 --> 00:17:56,200
enterprise model what does

442
00:18:00,070 --> 00:17:58,480
ncc1701 mean

443
00:18:01,750 --> 00:18:00,080
and there's been a lot of debate about

444
00:18:03,909 --> 00:18:01,760
that about whether this was uh the

445
00:18:07,270 --> 00:18:03,919
designer matt jeffries tail number on

446
00:18:09,270 --> 00:18:07,280
his private airplane um generally

447
00:18:11,510 --> 00:18:09,280
was the idea of putting letters and

448
00:18:13,190 --> 00:18:11,520
numbers on to the uss enterprise that

449
00:18:15,270 --> 00:18:13,200
would identify it

450
00:18:16,630 --> 00:18:15,280
and see had been the letters and are the

451
00:18:19,750 --> 00:18:16,640
letters that are on tail numbers of

452
00:18:22,390 --> 00:18:19,760
private aircraft um and i'm told that he

453
00:18:24,470 --> 00:18:22,400
put the numbers uh in the font across

454
00:18:26,950 --> 00:18:24,480
the room from him and looked at them and

455
00:18:29,669 --> 00:18:26,960
one seven zero and one were the numbers

456
00:18:31,750 --> 00:18:29,679
that were the easiest to identify at a

457
00:18:33,990 --> 00:18:31,760
glance you know a eight can look like a

458
00:18:35,990 --> 00:18:34,000
three but um those were easily

459
00:18:38,150 --> 00:18:36,000
identified and the idea of creating a

460
00:18:40,470 --> 00:18:38,160
number that was somewhat big

461
00:18:42,549 --> 00:18:40,480
created the idea that there might have

462
00:18:44,710 --> 00:18:42,559
this might be part of a long series of

463
00:18:47,669 --> 00:18:44,720
spaceships although the one gives it a

464
00:18:50,870 --> 00:18:47,679
kind of uniqueness okay so let's take an

465
00:18:55,430 --> 00:18:53,430
are there other science fiction objects

466
00:18:56,870 --> 00:18:55,440
on display at the museum

467
00:19:00,710 --> 00:18:56,880
very much so

468
00:19:03,669 --> 00:19:00,720
the museum has a buck rogers

469
00:19:05,350 --> 00:19:03,679
toy that is in our moving beyond earth

470
00:19:08,150 --> 00:19:05,360
exhibit that's an illustration of the

471
00:19:10,710 --> 00:19:08,160
ways that people started thinking about

472
00:19:12,390 --> 00:19:10,720
a winged vehicle years before the space

473
00:19:14,310 --> 00:19:12,400
shuttle orbiters were created in the

474
00:19:17,110 --> 00:19:14,320
1970s

475
00:19:18,950 --> 00:19:17,120
we have toys up in the pioneers gallery

476
00:19:21,909 --> 00:19:18,960
that show the ways that people have

477
00:19:23,669 --> 00:19:21,919
imagined flight and space flight

478
00:19:25,830 --> 00:19:23,679
and then having the enterprise here we

479
00:19:28,390 --> 00:19:25,840
also have a wonderful case of uh space

480
00:19:30,549 --> 00:19:28,400
science fiction toys at the stephen f

481
00:19:32,230 --> 00:19:30,559
udvar-hazy center out by dulles airport

482
00:19:34,310 --> 00:19:32,240
now star trek just

483
00:19:35,430 --> 00:19:34,320
it was a television show but it's sort

484
00:19:39,990 --> 00:19:35,440
of

485
00:19:42,470 --> 00:19:40,000
do you want to talk to us a little bit

486
00:19:44,470 --> 00:19:42,480
about how that happened it has um it

487
00:19:48,549 --> 00:19:44,480
started as a three-season television

488
00:19:51,590 --> 00:19:48,559
show on nbc from 1966 to 1969 and the

489
00:19:53,190 --> 00:19:51,600
museum got this model in 1974 because i

490
00:19:54,870 --> 00:19:53,200
think the people at paramount really

491
00:19:57,190 --> 00:19:54,880
didn't think there would be anything

492
00:20:00,549 --> 00:19:57,200
else to it uh but they had created this

493
00:20:03,669 --> 00:20:00,559
rich world that had rules uh had a bit

494
00:20:05,750 --> 00:20:03,679
of a bible that governed it and um

495
00:20:08,950 --> 00:20:05,760
eventually it spawned six more

496
00:20:11,110 --> 00:20:08,960
television series 13 more major motion

497
00:20:13,270 --> 00:20:11,120
pictures a world of conventions and

498
00:20:15,750 --> 00:20:13,280
uniforms and languages

499
00:20:16,710 --> 00:20:15,760
and fans and what's fun about that is it

500
00:20:19,270 --> 00:20:16,720
all

501
00:20:22,390 --> 00:20:19,280
works together in kind of one universe

502
00:20:23,990 --> 00:20:22,400
defined by this bible by this canon um

503
00:20:25,750 --> 00:20:24,000
and so the cultures that have been

504
00:20:27,750 --> 00:20:25,760
created have been really rich and part

505
00:20:29,909 --> 00:20:27,760
of that is language and the klingon

506
00:20:32,310 --> 00:20:29,919
language was actually invented for these

507
00:20:35,190 --> 00:20:32,320
movies yes they uh it started out as

508
00:20:37,029 --> 00:20:35,200
somewhat gibberish that was created for

509
00:20:38,950 --> 00:20:37,039
some of the early movies but by star

510
00:20:41,909 --> 00:20:38,960
trek iii they actually brought in a

511
00:20:43,750 --> 00:20:41,919
linguist and he developed out not only

512
00:20:45,350 --> 00:20:43,760
the language but the culture of the

513
00:20:46,789 --> 00:20:45,360
klingons and the vulcans two of the

514
00:20:49,110 --> 00:20:46,799
alien species

515
00:20:51,190 --> 00:20:49,120
and i actually had a chance to talk to

516
00:20:53,190 --> 00:20:51,200
the inventor mark o'grant let's see what

517
00:20:55,830 --> 00:20:53,200
he had to say

518
00:20:57,990 --> 00:20:55,840
now i'm joined by mark o'grand and you

519
00:20:59,909 --> 00:20:58,000
invented the klingon language is that

520
00:21:01,669 --> 00:20:59,919
correct correct and for what pro it

521
00:21:03,029 --> 00:21:01,679
wasn't the original program no in the

522
00:21:04,630 --> 00:21:03,039
original program they never spoke the

523
00:21:06,710 --> 00:21:04,640
klingon language and i came to it with

524
00:21:08,630 --> 00:21:06,720
star trek three

525
00:21:10,549 --> 00:21:08,640
uh and i started with the few lines that

526
00:21:11,590 --> 00:21:10,559
jimmy dune had created and expanded from

527
00:21:13,110 --> 00:21:11,600
there because there was a lot more

528
00:21:14,870 --> 00:21:13,120
dialogue in star trek three than there

529
00:21:17,029 --> 00:21:14,880
had been in anything in the past

530
00:21:18,870 --> 00:21:17,039
before you started on star trek you were

531
00:21:21,270 --> 00:21:18,880
a fellow here at the smithsonian and you

532
00:21:23,350 --> 00:21:21,280
studied languages right why is it

533
00:21:24,549 --> 00:21:23,360
important that we study language at all

534
00:21:26,149 --> 00:21:24,559
it's important to study language at all

535
00:21:28,310 --> 00:21:26,159
because that's what makes us human i

536
00:21:29,830 --> 00:21:28,320
think i think it's a

537
00:21:31,430 --> 00:21:29,840
great gives us great insight into the

538
00:21:33,350 --> 00:21:31,440
way we think the way we deal with each

539
00:21:35,029 --> 00:21:33,360
other um

540
00:21:37,590 --> 00:21:35,039
where we come from and hopefully where

541
00:21:39,270 --> 00:21:37,600
we're going and it's just it opens up

542
00:21:41,270 --> 00:21:39,280
the whole world and by studying

543
00:21:43,190 --> 00:21:41,280
different languages

544
00:21:44,630 --> 00:21:43,200
you learn different ways of looking at

545
00:21:47,430 --> 00:21:44,640
things there's not only one way to do

546
00:21:49,350 --> 00:21:47,440
things uh one one of the greatest

547
00:21:50,310 --> 00:21:49,360
excitements for someone who deals with a

548
00:21:51,990 --> 00:21:50,320
couple of different languages

549
00:21:53,830 --> 00:21:52,000
translating from one to the other

550
00:21:55,430 --> 00:21:53,840
because it's not word word word word you

551
00:21:58,470 --> 00:21:55,440
have to think about okay what is the

552
00:22:00,230 --> 00:21:58,480
original person trying to say using that

553
00:22:02,549 --> 00:22:00,240
language and how how am i going to

554
00:22:04,630 --> 00:22:02,559
change that into this other language

555
00:22:06,149 --> 00:22:04,640
given the cultural differences between

556
00:22:08,149 --> 00:22:06,159
the two and so on just thinking about

557
00:22:09,350 --> 00:22:08,159
all that is fascinating and insightful

558
00:22:11,590 --> 00:22:09,360
and helpful

559
00:22:15,669 --> 00:22:11,600
mark thank you so much for joining us

560
00:22:18,549 --> 00:22:16,870
now margaret the model that we're

561
00:22:20,630 --> 00:22:18,559
standing in front of was

562
00:22:22,149 --> 00:22:20,640
used for fiction science fiction but

563
00:22:23,750 --> 00:22:22,159
there's been some real science that's

564
00:22:26,149 --> 00:22:23,760
gone into the restoration of this can

565
00:22:28,789 --> 00:22:26,159
you tell us about it yes this model came

566
00:22:32,230 --> 00:22:28,799
into the museum's collection in 1974 and

567
00:22:34,950 --> 00:22:32,240
it's been worked on in 74 84 91 and then

568
00:22:37,110 --> 00:22:34,960
around 2010 we started to really notice

569
00:22:39,350 --> 00:22:37,120
that this model which was then

570
00:22:41,830 --> 00:22:39,360
about 40 years old was really starting

571
00:22:43,510 --> 00:22:41,840
to show some sagging and cracking and

572
00:22:45,510 --> 00:22:43,520
crazing in the paint

573
00:22:47,909 --> 00:22:45,520
and so we did what we do for all of the

574
00:22:49,830 --> 00:22:47,919
objects here at the museum we brought in

575
00:22:52,230 --> 00:22:49,840
our conservators who are really

576
00:22:56,070 --> 00:22:52,240
scientists to analyze it and then to

577
00:22:57,909 --> 00:22:56,080
help us to fix it and the

578
00:23:01,029 --> 00:22:57,919
the enterprise

579
00:23:03,110 --> 00:23:01,039
wasn't designed to last 50 years was it

580
00:23:05,110 --> 00:23:03,120
no the this was something that they

581
00:23:06,630 --> 00:23:05,120
thought would be taken apart and moved

582
00:23:07,990 --> 00:23:06,640
from place to place so that they could

583
00:23:10,630 --> 00:23:08,000
get the shots that they wanted at

584
00:23:11,909 --> 00:23:10,640
different special effects studios um but

585
00:23:15,190 --> 00:23:11,919
nobody thought it was going to be a

586
00:23:17,110 --> 00:23:15,200
museum piece uh 40 or 50 years later and

587
00:23:18,950 --> 00:23:17,120
so we really were able to do some

588
00:23:21,029 --> 00:23:18,960
wonderful analysis and try to bring it

589
00:23:24,070 --> 00:23:21,039
back to a specific point in time which

590
00:23:26,149 --> 00:23:24,080
is which is the end of shooting in the

591
00:23:28,630 --> 00:23:26,159
second season they reused the film in

592
00:23:30,549 --> 00:23:28,640
the third season to save money um and

593
00:23:32,870 --> 00:23:30,559
it's actually the trouble with tribbles

594
00:23:35,990 --> 00:23:32,880
episode which is an iconic episode from

595
00:23:37,909 --> 00:23:36,000
star trek um and also the last time that

596
00:23:40,310 --> 00:23:37,919
any physical changes were made to the

597
00:23:42,310 --> 00:23:40,320
model when it was being shot now star

598
00:23:44,310 --> 00:23:42,320
trek also used the narrative of the show

599
00:23:45,990 --> 00:23:44,320
to talk about larger issues

600
00:23:47,750 --> 00:23:46,000
very much so the

601
00:23:49,750 --> 00:23:47,760
creators and the writers were really

602
00:23:52,549 --> 00:23:49,760
thinking very creatively about the ways

603
00:23:55,350 --> 00:23:52,559
that space science fiction allows you to

604
00:23:57,990 --> 00:23:55,360
put contemporary things from the same

605
00:23:59,750 --> 00:23:58,000
time in a different space context and

606
00:24:01,510 --> 00:23:59,760
allow you to have a little bit of diff

607
00:24:03,510 --> 00:24:01,520
distance and think about them in new

608
00:24:05,110 --> 00:24:03,520
ways so they talked about race relations

609
00:24:07,269 --> 00:24:05,120
they talked about gender relations they

610
00:24:10,390 --> 00:24:07,279
talked about politics uh they talked

611
00:24:13,269 --> 00:24:10,400
about social issues but they did it by

612
00:24:15,510 --> 00:24:13,279
encountering aliens in a way that

613
00:24:16,710 --> 00:24:15,520
allowed you to see it with new eyes you

614
00:24:17,750 --> 00:24:16,720
ready to take some more questions i'd

615
00:24:20,470 --> 00:24:17,760
love to all right let's start with an

616
00:24:23,909 --> 00:24:22,070
why is the enterprise model a different

617
00:24:26,950 --> 00:24:23,919
color than what you see on the tv show

618
00:24:29,029 --> 00:24:26,960
ah this is a question that we get a lot

619
00:24:31,269 --> 00:24:29,039
in part because when a studio model was

620
00:24:33,909 --> 00:24:31,279
shot in the 1960s it would have been

621
00:24:34,789 --> 00:24:33,919
under very bright lights and then they

622
00:24:37,269 --> 00:24:34,799
would have

623
00:24:39,029 --> 00:24:37,279
masked out the background to put in the

624
00:24:40,549 --> 00:24:39,039
star fields or the planets or things

625
00:24:42,470 --> 00:24:40,559
like that

626
00:24:43,750 --> 00:24:42,480
and in fact i think from the beginning

627
00:24:45,830 --> 00:24:43,760
of this show

628
00:24:48,630 --> 00:24:45,840
that's film of this model and i was

629
00:24:50,870 --> 00:24:48,640
noticing how much more gray it shows up

630
00:24:52,549 --> 00:24:50,880
on screen that it looks a little more

631
00:24:53,909 --> 00:24:52,559
green when you see it in person and

632
00:24:55,590 --> 00:24:53,919
that's because they knew it would go

633
00:24:58,070 --> 00:24:55,600
through this post-production awesome all

634
00:25:00,070 --> 00:24:58,080
right how about an audience question

635
00:25:02,789 --> 00:25:00,080
um

636
00:25:04,630 --> 00:25:02,799
what interests you of what you do

637
00:25:05,830 --> 00:25:04,640
what made you interested you're doing

638
00:25:07,110 --> 00:25:05,840
margaret

639
00:25:07,990 --> 00:25:07,120
how did you get interested in what you

640
00:25:10,470 --> 00:25:08,000
do

641
00:25:13,830 --> 00:25:10,480
i have always been a space science

642
00:25:16,789 --> 00:25:13,840
fiction on fan on my own um and i got

643
00:25:19,190 --> 00:25:16,799
interested in space history when i was

644
00:25:21,029 --> 00:25:19,200
doing my doctoral work and researching a

645
00:25:22,710 --> 00:25:21,039
women's astronaut testing program from

646
00:25:24,710 --> 00:25:22,720
the 1950s

647
00:25:26,070 --> 00:25:24,720
and i just saw so many connections

648
00:25:28,950 --> 00:25:26,080
between

649
00:25:30,390 --> 00:25:28,960
space science fiction and real space

650
00:25:32,390 --> 00:25:30,400
awesome all right let's go to an online

651
00:25:33,990 --> 00:25:32,400
question next

652
00:25:35,990 --> 00:25:34,000
how long did it take for the original

653
00:25:38,549 --> 00:25:36,000
designers to build the enterprise studio

654
00:25:41,190 --> 00:25:38,559
model uh it was designed by a man named

655
00:25:43,909 --> 00:25:41,200
walter matthews jeffries who worked for

656
00:25:45,510 --> 00:25:43,919
star trek and then richard c dayton jr

657
00:25:47,350 --> 00:25:45,520
actually built it

658
00:25:49,190 --> 00:25:47,360
it took them a period of weeks to

659
00:25:50,950 --> 00:25:49,200
actually build this model

660
00:25:52,630 --> 00:25:50,960
and then it was actually changed a few

661
00:25:54,470 --> 00:25:52,640
times from when it was initially rolled

662
00:25:56,230 --> 00:25:54,480
out when they started production they

663
00:25:59,029 --> 00:25:56,240
added all of the wonderful lights and

664
00:26:00,310 --> 00:25:59,039
effects inside it awesome well um

665
00:26:02,070 --> 00:26:00,320
thank you so much for answering those

666
00:26:03,669 --> 00:26:02,080
questions those are great questions guys

667
00:26:06,310 --> 00:26:03,679
and those of you online

668
00:26:07,669 --> 00:26:06,320
our next show is coming up in just a few

669
00:26:09,590 --> 00:26:07,679
short weeks from the albuquerque

670
00:26:11,029 --> 00:26:09,600
international balloon fiesta here's a

671
00:26:14,149 --> 00:26:11,039
little preview

672
00:26:20,149 --> 00:26:17,590
in 1935 this balloon gondola traveled

673
00:26:23,830 --> 00:26:20,159
over 13 miles into the air to set a

674
00:26:25,830 --> 00:26:23,840
world record that lasted for 20 years

675
00:26:28,390 --> 00:26:25,840
gas balloons controlled their altitude

676
00:26:30,470 --> 00:26:28,400
by dropping weight called ballast

677
00:26:33,909 --> 00:26:30,480
each of these ballast bags weighed about

678
00:26:35,750 --> 00:26:33,919
70 pounds in order to control altitude

679
00:26:38,230 --> 00:26:35,760
the pilot would blow a hole in the

680
00:26:40,310 --> 00:26:38,240
bottom of the bag to release fine metal

681
00:26:43,110 --> 00:26:40,320
shavings so it wouldn't hurt anybody on

682
00:26:45,510 --> 00:26:43,120
the ground we still fly gas balloons

683
00:26:46,310 --> 00:26:45,520
today do you ever wonder how we control

684
00:26:48,470 --> 00:26:46,320
them

685
00:26:50,789 --> 00:26:48,480
if you think that's cool be sure to join

686
00:26:52,710 --> 00:26:50,799
us next month when we will be live from

687
00:26:58,230 --> 00:26:52,720
the albuquerque international balloon

688
00:27:01,269 --> 00:26:59,669
margaret thank you so much for joining

689
00:27:02,950 --> 00:27:01,279
us today we really appreciate it oh

690
00:27:04,789 --> 00:27:02,960
you're welcome i'd also like to thank

691
00:27:06,870 --> 00:27:04,799
the gertrude east skelly charitable

692
00:27:08,390 --> 00:27:06,880
foundation for sponsoring the show today

693
00:27:09,909 --> 00:27:08,400
and i want to point out that on our

694
00:27:12,070 --> 00:27:09,919
website we have some additional

695
00:27:14,470 --> 00:27:12,080
resources for teachers we're using

696
00:27:16,789 --> 00:27:14,480
smithsonian learning labs to add

697
00:27:19,110 --> 00:27:16,799
resources smithsonian learning labs is

698
00:27:21,190 --> 00:27:19,120
very similar to pinterest only with

699
00:27:23,350 --> 00:27:21,200
artifacts from all of the smithsonian

700
00:27:26,870 --> 00:27:23,360
museums we've added reading lists we've

701
00:27:29,750 --> 00:27:26,880
added images and we've added videos

702
00:27:36,149 --> 00:27:34,389
now you put on the mask the show is over

703
00:27:38,389 --> 00:27:36,159
well thank you so much for joining us

704
00:27:40,389 --> 00:27:38,399
today as we leave you take a look at

705
00:27:42,789 --> 00:27:40,399
some of the incredible costumes that we

706
00:27:44,789 --> 00:27:42,799
saw a week ago to celebrate star trek's

707
00:27:46,630 --> 00:27:44,799
50th anniversary here at the museum

708
00:28:23,510 --> 00:27:46,640
thanks for watching live long and